1. Alluvial Soil - State: Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand
- Composition: Rich in phosphorus, potash, and lime; deficient in nitrogen
- Crops Grown: Wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, jute
2. Black (Regur) Soil - State: Deccan plateau, Krishna and Godavari valleys, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
- Composition: Rich in iron, lime, aluminium, magnesium, calcium; lacks nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus
- Crops Grown: Cotton, sugarcane, jowar, tobacco, wheat, rice
3. Red Soil - State: Eastern parts of Deccan Plateau, Tamil Nadu, Goa, Odisha, Meghalaya
- Composition: Rich in iron and potash; deficient in lime, nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus
- Crops Grown: Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, pulses
4. Laterite Soil - State: Summits of Eastern and Western Ghats, Assam hills, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal, Odisha
- Composition: Rich in iron; poor in silica, lime, phosphorus, potash, humus
- Crops Grown: Tea, coffee, rubber, cashew, millets
5. Desert Soil - State: West and North-West India, Rajasthan, North Gujarat, Southern Punjab
- Composition: Rich in soluble salts; deficient in organic matter
- Crops Grown: With irrigation, drought-resistant crops like millets, barley, cotton, maize, pulses
6. Mountain Soil - State: Hills of Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Assam hills
- Composition: Rich in iron and humus; deficient in lime
- Crops Grown: With fertilizers, tea, fruits, medicinal plants
7. Saline and Alkaline Soil - State: Drier parts of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
- Composition: Contains salts like sodium, magnesium, calcium - Not suitable for agriculture
8. Peaty and Marshy Soil - State: Kerala, coastal regions of Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Sunderbans of West Bengal
- Composition: Contains soluble salts, and organic matter; lacks potash and phosphates
- Crops Grown: Rice and jute cultivation
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